r-thalassaemia types in southern Sardinia

SUMMARY In this study the prevalence of the different f-thalassaemia types in southern Sardinia was investigated by cellulose acetate and agar gel electrophoresis or globin chain synthesis analysis on column chromatography or both in (1) all the patients (347) presenting with thalassaemia major or intermedia at our haematology service from 1976 to 1979, and (2) a group of 82 patients with transfusion-dependent thalassaemia major randomly chosen from 236 under our care. Apart from six subjects with dP°/P0-thalassaemia genotype and eight with r°/r+ or less probably f+/f+-thal-assaemia, all thalassaemia major and intermedia patients studied were °'-thalassaemia homozy-gotes. Globin chain synthesis on peripheral blood cells from these patients, performed at different intervals from blood transfusion, showed no incorporation of radioactive leucine into f-globin peak, the same as before the transfusion. No correlation between x,/'y ratios and clinical severity or hyper-splenism was found. Globin chain synthesis analysis carried out at birth in three infants later found to have homozygous P3-thalassaemia demonstrated imbalanced or borderline a/cy ratios. The P-thalassaemias (thal) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders which can be divided into-, P+-, and 8P-thal according to the severity of the defective synthesis of the 3-globin chains, which i