Crystal structure of a consensus-designed ankyrin repeat protein: implications for stability

ABSTRACT Consensus-designed ankyrin re-peat (AR) proteins are thermodynamically very stable. The structural analysis of the designed AR protein E3_5 revealed that this stability is due to a regular foldwith highly conserved structuralmotifs andH-bonding networks. However, the designedAR protein E3_19 exhibits a significantly lower stability than E3_5 (9.6 vs. 14.8 kcal/mol), despite 88 % se-quence identity. To investigate the structural corre-lations of this stability difference between E3_5 and E3_19, we determined the crystal structure of E3_19 at 1.9 Å resolution. E3_19 as well has a regular AR domain fold with the characteristic H-bonding pat-terns. All structural features of the E3_5 and E3_19 molecules appear to be virtually identical (RMSDC 0.7 Å). However, clear differences are observed in the surface charge distribution of the two AR proteins. E3_19 features clusters of charged residues and more exposed hydrophobic residues than E3_5. The atomic coordinates of E3_19 hav