Information and Expression in a Digital Age Modeling Internet Effects on Civic Participation

This article examines the role of the Internet as a source of political informa-tion and a sphere for public expression. Informational media use, whether tra-ditional news sources or online public affairs content, is expected to foster interpersonal political discussion and online civic messaging, contributing to increased civic participation. Using two-wave national panel survey data, three types of synchronous structural equation models are tested: cross sec-tional (relating individual differences), fixed effects (relating intraindividual change), and auto regressive (relating aggregate change). All models reveal that online media complement traditional media to foster political discussion and civic messaging.These two forms of political expression, in turn, influence civic participation. Other variable orderings are tested to compare the theo-rized model to alternative causal specifications. Results reveal that the model produces the best fit, empirically and theoretically, with the influence of the Internet, rivaling the mobilizing power of traditional modes of information and expression