THE LOCATION OF BOUND COBALT ON 2:1 LAYER S IL ICATES by

Three techniques have been used to determine what clay mineral surfaces are involved in the selective bonding of Co: (a) polyphosphate ions were used to block edge surfaces of mont-morillonite and vermiculite from Co, (b) collapse of the interlamellar spaces with potassium saturation was used to block internal basal surfaces of vermiculite from Co, and (c) auto-radiographs were prepared of vermiculite and mica particles that had reacted with Co 5s. In each case Co in low concentration was allowed to combine with the mineral in the presence of high concentrations of CaCl~. The preliminary sorption of polyphosphate ions had no appreciable effect on the sorption of Co by the minerals tudied, indicating that the edge surfaces were not likely to be in-volved in the Co reaction. The blocking of internal basal areas had only a very slight effect suggesting that these surfaces were involvedin the sorption of Co, but only to a limited extent. Autoradiographs of naturally occurring vermiculite particles revealed a somewhat uneven distribution of Co over the planar surface of the particles. Removal of the outer layers of the crystals, either before or after the material had combined with Co but before autoradiog-raphy, resulted in a concentration of the metal along edges and cracks. Apparently the external basal surfaces are principally involved in the specific sorption of Co by layer silicates. It is suggested that chemical weathering and physical abrasion of the surfaces introduce defect structures which favor the chemical bonding of heavy metals