Evaluation of Antiviral Immunity Using Vaccinia V rus Recombinants Expressing Cloned Genes for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoproteins

Immunization of mice with vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the glycopro-teins B or D of herpes implex virus type 1 (HSV-1) induced humoral antibody as well as multiple aspects of HSV-l-specific T lymphocyte-mediated r sponses. However, vaccinated mice were not completely resistant to HSV-1 challenge and were unable to eliminate an epithelial infection rapidly. Evidence is presented which indicates that immunization with either vaccinia virus recombinant, while inducing the necessary protective populations of CD4 ÷ T lymphocytes, fails to induce the complementing CD8 ÷ cytotoxic T lymphocytes necessary for high levels of protection against aprimary HSV-1 infection. These findings are discussed with relevance to the future development of anti-HSV vaccines