and the Learning

DI esigning libraries that can expertise when the individual leaves. thrive in changing, chaotic Conversely, if an individual's expertise is environments is a continuous incorporated into organizational docu- challenge for today's manag- mentation and is shared through ers. To succeed, libraries cross-training efforts, the expertise must now be agile, flexible, and able to remains in the organization after the adjust to a world that resembles an individual leaves. This transfer of knowl-amusement park roller-coaster ride or edge and expertise is a key component of white-water rafting. a true learning organization.2 One system that can help managers Promoting this type of sharing of in today's environment is that of the ideas and skills throughout the organiza-learning organization. A learning organi- tion then becomes crucial. But what skills zation is an organization that has an need to be present throughout the organi-enhanced capacity to learn, adapt, and zation? One way organizations can iden-change, and is "skilled at creating, tify those key skills needed for growth acquiring, and transferring knowledge and adaptation to change is by identify-and insights." ' In these organizations, ing core competencies that are essential staff are encouraged to continuously to the organization. learn new skills. For learning to be effec