SPATIAL REPRESENTATION OF SOIL QUALITY AFFECTED BY SURFACE EROSION USING GIS TECHNOLOGY

Abstract. Regardless of farming systems practiced, fertility, inherent agricultural land, is the core of these systems. The quality of soils, seen as a measure of their fertility, presents regional differences. The main objectives of this study are, on the one hand, spatial representation of soil quality and analysis of eroded soil quality and on the other hand, show the influence of culture on the development of quantitative of surface erosion. Cartographic materials used were obtained using ArcGIS software and based on topographic maps, vector map of soil and erosion vector map. Determining the average amount lost by erosion at the surface is based on the relation derived from the Universal Soil Erosion Equation, which sets the contribution of each factor. For each soil unit affected by erosion processes was calculated average annual soil loss in two types of crops (wheat and maize) at different values of the slope and slope length. For each soil unit, using ArcGIS software, the average slope was calculated, value being subsequently introduced into the relation computing. Soils in the territory Traian Vuia falls a large percentage in classes III and IV quality. The quality of eroded soils, at the category of use "arable", corresponds also mostly the classes III and IV quality. Under the wheat crop, the average annual amount lost through erosion at the surface is significantly lower than under the maize. Agricultural land planted with corn lose an average annual soil 4.67 times higher than in those cultivated by wheat