Mode of International Investment and Endogenous Risk of

In this paper, we develop a politico-economic model to analyze the relationship between the mode of international investment and insti-tutional quality in a non-democratic capital importing country. For-eign investors from a capital-rich North can either purchase productive assets in a capital-poor South and transfer their capital within inte-grated multinational firms or they can form joint ventures with local asset owners. The South is ruled by an autocratic elite that may use its political power to expropriate productive assets. In a joint venture, the domestic asset owner bears the risk of expropriation, whereas in an integrated firm, this risk affects the foreign investor. This effect lowers the incentives for specific investments in an integrated firm and distorts the decision between joint ventures and integrated production. By setting the institutional framework in the host country, the elite influences the risk of expropriation. We determine the equilibrium risk of expropriation in this framework and the resulting pattern of inter-national production. We also analyze as to how globalization, which is reflected in a decline in investment costs, influences institutional quality