Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Metabolic Control following Stroke: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal

Background: Physical activity and sedentary behaviour are key moderators of cardiovascular disease risk and metabolic control. Despite the importance of a physically active lifestyle, little is known about the effects of stroke on physical activity. We assessed physical activity and sedentary behaviour at three time points following stroke compared to a healthy control group. Methods: Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were objectively measured using a portable multi-sensor array in 31 stroke participants (7369 years, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale 262, mobile 10 metres with/without aid) within seven days and at three and six months. Stroke data were compared with an age, sex and body mass index matched healthy control group (n = 31). Results: Within seven days of stroke, total energy expenditure and physical activity were significantly lower and sedentary time higher in the stroke group compared to controls (total energy expenditure 18406354 vs. 22206489 kcal, physical activity 28632 vs. 79646 min/day, steps 311162290 vs. 799662649, sedentary time 1383642 vs. 1339644 min/day, p,0.01). At three months physical activity levels had increased (64658 min/day) but plateaued by six months (66668 min/ day). Conclusions: Physical activity levels are reduced immediately post-stroke and remain below recommended levels for healt