Enemy release Host-specificity Host range

the targeted towards species having emotional, recreational and/or economical value. This tendency may xtinct Vrede 2004), humans are playing a fundamental role in this process extinctions according to IUCN (2014) (Fig.1). Yet, the loss of species that are difficult to be monitored could remain undetected. For example, although thousands of insect extinctions are estimated to have occurred, only 70 have been documented in modern times (Dunn, 2005). Considering that monitoring parasites can be even harder than monitoring insects (and free-living species in general), of the apocalypse. Among these, three (namely, habitat loss, over-vely investigated. f the fourth cause, have been ofte