RESEARCH ARTICLE Should Schools Expect Poor Physical and Mental Health, Social Adjustment, and Participation Outcomes in Students with Disability?

The literature on whether students with disabilities have worse physical and mental health, social adjustment, and participation outcomes when compared to their peers without dis-abilities is largely inconclusive. While the majority of case control studies showed signifi-cantly worse outcomes for students with disabilities; the proportion of variance accounted for is rarely reported. The current study used a population cross-sectional approach to de-termine the classification ability of commonly used screening and outcome measures in de-termining the disability status. Furthermore, the study aimed to identify the variables, if any, that best predicted the presence of disability. Results of univariate discriminant function analyses suggest that across the board, the sensitivity of the outcome/screening tools to correctly identify students with a disability was 31.9 % higher than the related Positive Pre-dictive Value (PPV). The lower PPV and Positive Likelihood Ratio (LR+) scores suggest that the included measures had limited discriminant ability (17.6 % to 40.3%) in accurately identifying students at-risk for further assessment. Results of multivariate analyses sug-gested that poor health and hyperactivity increased the odds of having a disability about tw