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formula was one of the most common reasons for non-exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months (4). The rate of infant formula-use by newborns was higher in east coastal areas. A recent cohort study in Zhejiang province of China found that over half of the infants had already consumed, or were consuming, some infant formula by one month postpartum, and the proportion reached 98 % by six months (5). Since the melamine scandal in 2008, many Chi-nese parents have become concerned about the safety of domestically-produced infant formula. Melamine, an industrial chemical, was added to adulterate processed milk to give the appearance of attaining normal levels of protein. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the mela-mine-contaminated milk powder and related dairy products caused the deaths of at least six infants, and more than 51,900 infants and young children were hospitalized with renal problems (6). Al-though measures, such as the recall of potentially-contaminated products and severe punishments for the manufacturers at fault, were taken by the Chinese Government immediately after the mela-mine scandal, tonnes of tainted milk powder wer