doi:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0166 Copyright © 2014 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Images in Clinical Tropical Medicine

A 45-year-old otherwise healthy male from an endemic region for Leishmania braziliensis infection in Bahia, Brazil, presented with three erosive hemorrhagic infiltrated plaques on the left shin accompanied with lymphadenopathy in the groin since one month (Figure 1). A Leishmania skin test performed on the left forearm was strongly positive (20 + 18 mm).1 Two days later, the patient felt sick and feverish. Painful erythem-atous target lesions developed on the palms and scapula together with conjunctivitis (Figure 2). Histopathology con-firmed erythema exsudativum multiforme (EEM) (Figure 3). Both EEM and cutaneous leishmaniasis were successfully treated with a 5-day course of prednisone 20 mg, and a 20-day course of intravenous pentavalent antimony, respectively. This case supports the hypothesis that an exacerbated host immune response against Leishmania antigens may be associ-ated with tissue damage and several clinical manifestations including EEM2,3; this case should alert the clinicians that Leishmania skin test is not totally risk free and may trigger hypersensitivity reactions