TRANSLATING RESEARCH INTO PRACTICE TOFTHAGEN

intervention. Similarly, a phenomenon known as the Hawthorne effect may cause participants to report more favorable outcomes because they are receiving closer attention or being more closely evaluated as a result of participation in a study (McCarney et al., 2007). Addition of a control group that would provide participants with a similar amount of attention and evaluation as the intervention group helps control for both social desirability bias and the Hawthorne effect. Instrumentation Another major threat to validity is instru-mentation. Although no gold standard exists for measurement of CIPN (Dunlap & Paice, 2006), there are several instruments available for mea-surement of CIPN that have demonstrated reli-ability and validity (Almadrones, McGuire, Wal