Unique microRNA-profiles in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinomas

The findings of mutations and the development of targeted therapies have improved lung cancer management. Still, the prog-nosis remains poor, and we need to know more about the genetic and epigenetic alterations in lung cancer. MicroRNAs are involved in crucial biological processes like carcinogenesis by regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this project, we have studied the microRNA expression of lung adenocarcinomas and corresponding normal lung tissue and correlated the expression with clinical data and EGFR- and KRAS-mutational status. Agilent microarrays have been used, exam-ining microRNA expression in 154 surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas and 20 corresponding normal lung tissue sam-ples. Findings were confirmed by RT-qPCR in the same cohort and in an independent cohort of 103 lung cancer patients. EGFR and KRAS mutation analyses were also performed. 129 microRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in lung adenocar-cinomas compared with normal lung tissue, and 17 microRNAs were differentially expressed between EGFR-mutated and EGFR wildtype tumors. We identified microRNAs associated with time to progression. We have identified several aberrantly expressed microRNAs that discriminate lung adenocarcinomas from normal lung tissue, and hence may be potential bio-markers for early detection. We have found microRNAs that are differentially expressed between EGFR-mutated and EGFR wild