Avicenna’s contribution to mechanisms of cardiovascular drugs

scholar of Islamic Golden Age lived between 981‐1037 A.D. He was a genius especially in medicine and philosophy. He wrote more than a hundred books and treatises dealing with philosophy, medicine, astronomy, geometry, philology, and art (1). His works are written mostly in Arabic, the lingua franca of the Islamic civilization. Although his medical masterpiece, "The Canon of Medicine", drew unprecedented attention to itself during the Middle Ages and after that, his other worthy works should not be overlooked. “The treatise on cardiac drugs ” or "Kitab al‐Adviyt ol‐Qalbiye", is one of Avicenna`s important medical books on simple and compound medicines used in the treatment of cardiac diseases. He compiled this book in 16 chapters. First 13 chapters are dedicated to basi