RESEARCH ARTICLE n e

Full list of author information is available at the end of the articleChronic pain imposes a major clinical, social and economic burden, affecting an estimated 100 million Americans and costing $600 billion annually in health care and lost worker productivity [1,2]. Because of the limited number of pain specialist physicians, primary care clinicians provide much of the health care systems ’ pain care. Primary care phy-sicians report frustration when caring for patients with opioid misuse, abuse, and diversion [3-8]. Furthermore, primary care physicians often have minimal training in pain care [9] and practical time constraints [10,11]. As the adoption of health information technology proliferates, well-designed clinical decision support can help primary care physicians efficiently obtain and use the relevant, ac-curate, and timely information needed to prescribe opioids or alternate pain therapies effectively [12-15]