PIONEERS IN NEUROLOGY

speaking neurologists and psychiatrists under the Nazis during the 1930s and 40s is often preoccupied solely with ‘‘successful’ ’ concepts and therapeutic approaches. The case of German-Canadian neurologist Karl Stern (1906–1975) is very instructive, however, since the process of forced migration, for him, proved to be a transitionary process from his former cutting edge work in neuropa-thology and holist neurology in Germany to clinical psy-chiatry and the development of the new discipline of geriatric medicine in Canada