REVIEW ARTICLE Compartment Syndrome: Diagnosis, Management, and Unique Concerns in the Twenty-First Century

vation of intracompartmental pressure to a level that impairs circulation. While the most common etiology is trauma, other less common etiologies such as burns, emboli, and iatrogenic injuries can be equally troublesome and challeng-ing to diagnose. The sequelae of a delayed diagnosis of compartment syndrome may be devastating. All care pro-viders must understand the etiologies, high-risk situation, and the urgency of intervention. Questions/Purposes: This study was conducted to perform a comprehensive review of compartment syndrome discussing etiologies, risk stratifica-tion, clinical progression, noninvasive and invasive moni-toring, documentation, medical-legal implication, and our step-by-step approach to compartment syndrome preven-tion, detection, and early intervention. Methods: A literature search was performed using the PubMed Database and th