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Cerebral cortex is generally thought to provide the neural basis for higher cognitive and perceptual functions (see Gazzaniga et al., 2008). In cerebral cortex, billions of individual neu-rons, the functional units of cortex, are interconnected via a massive yet highly organized network of axonal and dendritic wiring. This wiring enables both near and distant neurons to coordinate their responses to external stimulation. Specific pat-terns of cortical activity generated within this network have been found to correlate with cognitive and perceptual functions (see Wang, 2010). If cortical wiring is damaged, through dis-ease or trauma, characteristic behavioral disorders result (e.g., Seeley et al., 2009). Understanding the organizing principles of cortical wiring, therefore, represents a central goal toward explaining human cognition and perception in health and disease. Despite more than a century of endeavor, however, the organiz