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Full list of author information is available at the end of the articleBackground Adolescent childbirth, defined as delivery before 20 years of maternal age [1], has a critical impact on individuals, their families, and society as a whole in developed and de-veloping countries. Teenage births comprise approximately one-eighth of all births worldwide [2]. Although recent data have shown a decline in the adolescent birth rate over the past decades, teen pregnancy and birth remain import-ant issues in the field of adolescent health [3-5]. The World Health Organization estimates that female individuals aged 10–19 years account for 23 % of the worldwide burden of diseases caused during pregnancy and childbearing [2]. Previous studies also have reported that adolescent women were at higher risk of poor ma-ternal and neonatal outcomes owing to their lack of physical maturity and reproductive development [5,6]. Despite the ongoing controversy concerning maternal age and its effect on adverse perinatal outcomes [7-10], prior research has shown that adolescent pregnancy i