Modulation of the Relationship Between External Knee Adduction Moments and Medial Joint Contact Forces Across Subjects and Activities

Objective. The external knee adduction moment (EAM) is often considered a surrogate measure of the distribution of loads across the tibiofemoral joint dur-ing walking. This study was undertaken to quantify the relationship between the EAM and directly measured medial tibiofemoral contact forces (Fmed) in a sample of subjects across a spectrum of activities. Methods. The EAM for 9 patients who underwent total knee replacement was calculated using inverse dynamics analysis, while telemetric implants provided Fmed for multiple repetitions of 10 activities, including walking, stair negotiation, sit-to-stand activities, and squatting. The effects of the factors “subject ” and “activity ” on the relationships between Fmed and EAM were quantified using mixed-effects regression analyse