ORIGINAL ARTICLE Development of key indicators to quantify the health impacts of climate change on Canadians

Objectives This study aimed at developing a list of key human health indicators for quantifying the health impacts of climate change in Canada. Methods A literature review was conducted in OVID Medline to identify health morbidity and mortality indi-cators currently used to quantify climate change impacts. Public health frameworks and other studies of climate change indicators were reviewed to identify criteria with which to evaluate the list of proposed key indicators and a rating scale was developed. Total scores for each indicator were calculated based on the rating scale. Results A total of 77 health indicators were identified from the literature. After evaluation using the chosen cri-teria, 8 indicators were identified as the best for use. They include excess daily all-cause mortality due to heat, pre-mature deaths due to air pollution (ozone and particulate matter 2.5), preventable deaths from climate change, dis-ability-adjusted life years lost from climate change, daily all-cause mortality, daily non-accidental mortality, West Nile Disease incidence, and Lyme borreliosis incidence. Conclusions There is need for further data and research related to health effect quantification in the area of climate change