Review HIV Treatment as Prevention: Principles of Good HIV Epidemiology Modelling for Public Health Decision- Making in All Modes of Prevention and Evaluation

Abstract: Public health responses to HIV epidemics have long relied on epidemiological modelling analyses to help prospectively project and retrospectively estimate the impact, cost-effectiveness, affordability, and investment returns of interventions, and to help plan the design of evaluations. But translating model output into policy decisions and implementation on the ground is chal-lenged by the differences in background and expectations of modellers and decision-makers. As part of the PLoS Medicine Collection ‘‘Investigating the Impact of Treat-ment on New HIV Infections’’—which focuses on the contribution of modelling to current issues in HIV prevention—we present here principles of ‘‘best practice’’ for the construction, reporting, and interpretation of HIV epidemiological models for public health decision-makin