Research Article Prevalence of Dermatological Presentations of Canine Leishmaniasis in a Nonendemic Area: A Retrospective Study of 100 Dogs

Copyright © 2014 Roberta Perego et al.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This retrospective study determined the prevalence of dermatological lesions associated with canine leishmaniasis (CanL) in a nonendemic area in Italy. The medical records of 131 dogs with CanL were reviewed and, of these, 115/131 dogs (88%) had dermatological manifestations of which 100/131 dogs (76%)met the inclusion criteria. Sixty-two percent of dogs weremale and 38% were female and the mean age was 6.4 years. Thirty-two percent of dogs were mixed breeds; the remainder represented a variety of pure breeds. In 79 % of dogs dermatological signs occurred in association with systemic signs of CanL, whilst 21 % of dogs had only dermatological manifestations. The most common dermatological manifestation was exfoliative dermatitis (74%), followed by ulcerative (18%) and nodular (11%) lesions. In 51 % of dogs the lesions were localized mainly on the pinnae, head, and pressure points; in the remaining 49 % lesions were generalized. The only statistically significant association was between Retriever breed and animals with only dermatological signs