Research Article Grape Polyphenols Increase the Activity of HDL Enzymes in Old and Obese Rats

License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. HDL particles are protein-rich particles that act as a vehicle for reverse cholesterol transport from tissues to the liver.The purpose of this studywas to investigate age-dependent changes in the functional activity ofHDL and the effect of high-energy diet on this index, as well as to correct it under the influence of grape polyphenols from “Enoant ” obtained from Vitis vinifera grapes. We observed the age-dependent composition changes in HDL particle. It was shown that total lipids and triacylglycerol (TG) levels were higher in 24-month-old animals. In obese rats, HDL total lipids and TG levels were higher in 24-month-old than in the 3-month-old and 12-month-old groups but did not differ from 24-month-old group. The plasma HDL paraoxonase (PON) and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity levels were decreased in old-aged rats, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity was higher in old rats. Keeping 12-month-old animals on high-fructose diet completely leveled the age differences in the data that have been measured between 12-month-old and 24-month-old rats. After “Enoant ” administration, an increase of HDL PON and LCAT activity levels and a reduction of CETP activity were found in 24-month-old and obese rats. 1