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nuclear architecture and tran-scription are related has been a “black box ” in cell biology. Whether spatial organization of chromatin in the nucleus directly regulates transcription, or initia-tion of transcription leads to recruitment of chromatin-interacting proteins to cause specific structure formation is still largely unclear, but both processes are critical to the establishment of cellular identity. Higher-order chromatin structure has been shown to be a distinct property of cells and exerts influence on gene net-works through determining in cis and in trans interactions between genomic loci.