Research Article Medical Image Watermarking Technique for Accurate Tamper Detection in ROI and Exact Recovery of ROI

Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In telemedicinewhile transferringmedical images tampersmay be introduced. Beforemaking any diagnostic decisions, the integrity of region of interest (ROI) of the received medical image must be verified to avoid misdiagnosis. In this paper, we propose a novel fragile block basedmedical imagewatermarking technique to avoid embedding distortion inside ROI, verify integrity of ROI, detect accurately the tampered blocks inside ROI, and recover the original ROI with zero loss. In this proposedmethod, themedical image is segmented into three sets of pixels: ROI pixels, region of noninterest (RONI) pixels, and border pixels. Then, authentication data and information of ROI are embedded in border pixels. Recovery data of ROI is embedded into RONI. Results of experiments conducted on a number of medical images reveal that the proposed method produces high quality watermarked medical images, identifies the presence of tampers inside ROI with 100 % accuracy, and recovers the original ROI without any loss. 1