EPJ manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Quantum Annealing- Foundations and Frontiers

Abstract. We briefly review various computational methods for the solution of optimization problems. First, several classical methods such as Metropolis algorithm and simulated annealing are discussed. We continue with a description of quantum methods, namely adiabatic quantum computation and quantum annealing. Next, the new D-Wave computer and the recent progress in the field claimed by the D-Wave group are discussed. We present a set of criteria which could help in testing the quantum features of these computers. We conclude with a list of considerations with regard to future research.