POPULATION GROWTH AND IMPACTS OF NILE WATER DEFICIENCY ON EGYPT USING GIS AND OTHER TECHNIQUES

ABSTRACT: Since 2005, Egypt is classified as water scarce country as it has less than 1000 m of fresh water per year per capita due to the rapid growth of population. Egypt population is mainly densely and around the Nile basin. The Nile is the main source of water for most of Egyptians. The Water demand is a function of population and water uses. The construction of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam could lead to a permanent lowering of the water level in Lake Nasser. The present study attempts to analyze the variation of population growth, socio-economic condition and quality of life of people in Egypt. The general aims and objectives of the research proposed to forecast population of Egypt to 2025, analyze the variation of population growth, socio-economic condition and to calculate water demand and supply. This investigation was carried out on Nile basin countries, Egypt and Upper Egypt governorates. The study area has been divided to zones and sub zones through the administrative border. The methodology is based on using available information about population obtained from census, statistics, records and world data bank to estimate future population using suitable mathematical models. After that, create GIS layers and database to study future to calculate water demand and supply. Also, the accuracy of estimating population has been studied. Finally, results demonstrated that construction of Renaissance Dam or Ethiopia dam along the Nile have a significant impact on the Egyptian Nile valley not only in terms of water budget but also in many other environmental and socio-economical. So, Cooperation between the Nile basin countries is essential to manage and protect such a vital source of water