Cosmic superstring networks with Y-junctions: Evolution, B-modes and Gravitational waves

We review the properties and evolution of strings networks containing both a spectrum of string tensions as well as Y-junctions, namely a point at which three different strings meet. Such a situation is expected in cosmic superstring networks, where the tension of the different strings is determined by the fundamental string tension µF as well as the string coupling gs. We discuss evolution of such a network, and the proliferation of kinks as they travel through junctions. These effects can leave observational signals on B-modes and gravitational waves, which can then in turn constrain the underlying parameters of the theory. 1