40 Carnivorous Plant Newsletter The non-carnivorous leaf of Darlingtonia californica

It is well known that Darlingtonia californica has two types of carnivorous leaves (Goebel 1891; Lloyd 1942). The juvenile carnivorous leaves consist of a long tube with a narrow, tongue-like extension that quite often curves down toward if not to the ground (Front Cover). The adult carnivo-rous leaves are a hooded tube with a fish tail or mustache-like extension. Large juvenile leaves can also be found on stolons or underground runners from adult plants. Horizontal small adult leaves can be found on juvenile plants. Developmentally, the juvenile leaves are not just simplified adult leaves (Franck 1976). Each type of leaf is adapted to a different set of prey. What is not well known is Darlingtonia makes a flat, linear-lanceolate leaf as the first true leaf after the cotyledons in seedlings. I believe this linear-lanceolate leaf is not carnivorous because there are no obvious glands. Lloyd (1942) and Franck (1976) saw this leaf in their plants but inter-preted it as a third cotyledon. It is not a cotyledon (Fig. 1). The leaf emerges after the cotyledons and its base wraps the apex inside the ring of cotyledons. Goebel (1891) recognized this leaf for what it is and noted it is the only case he knew of where such a leaf is produced within the Sarraceniaceae. It is also the only case I know of. The first true leaf produced by Sarracenia seedlings and all Heliam-phora I am aware of, is a pitcher. The phyllodia of Sarracenia are not analogous to this Darlingtoni