Novel C-Element Based Error Detection and Correction Method Combining Time and Area Redundancy

Abstract—In this work we present a novel fault-tolerant circuits design method. It combines time and area redundancy to achieve error-correction abilities similar to a triple-modular redundancy (TMR) and the area-overhead close to a duplex system. New logic gates design allowing a complete stuck-at fault testability will be presented. Our method allows to test combinational parts of the circuit using a universal short-duration offline test. The offline-testable module with an online-checker allows to compose a fault-tolerant system with the mentioned properties. This system will be denoted as a time-extended duplex scheme. In this scheme the offline test is sufficiently short to allow error correction during the computation (paused pipeline). The presented method adopts some principles from dual-rail logic and asynchronous circuits design. I