Routing Protocols used for CRN: A Survey

Cognitive Radio (CR) is an emerging technology in the wireless communication. CR nodes have the capability to change its transmission or reception efficiently without interfering with licensed users. The network formed with CR nodes communicating with each other is called Cognitive Radio Network (CRN). CRN utilizes the unutilized frequency spectrum. Routing in CRN is a main challenge due the rapid changes in the data rates and available channels. In this paper we present the routing protocols used for CRN.We first discuss the routing differences and challenges in CRN. Furthermore we classify the routing protocols depending on the protocol operation. General Terms Cognitive Radio, wireless communication, frequency spectrum, challenges for routing in Cognitive Radio Networks, classification based on routing protocols