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The study in this article is dedicated to basic principles and concepts of bioinformatics and softcomputing. The main part contains search focused on using evolutionary algorithms in bioinformatics, which are alignment and comparison of DNA, RNA and protein sequences, searching for genes and identification of promoters from DNA sequences, Fragment Assembly Problem, and construction of phylogenetic trees. The practical part includes research on estimation of Evolutionary Distances, creating phylogenetic trees, and distance from the data in the MEGA program with a follow-up analysis