BIOMARKERS GENESIS AND THEIR PERSPECTIVES

Biomarkers are an index develops in living systems before/during pathophysiological situations. Their elevation or reduction can provide the status of diseases and can help in the development of therapeutics for ailment at initial level for the alleviation of etiology of disease. A particular type of the physical characteristics generated in living system can be used to measure or indicate the etiopathological nature of development, effects or progress of a disease, illness or abnormal or pathological conditions. A distinct types of biochemical, genetic or molecular characteristic or substance or indices i.e. an indicator of a particular biological condition or process. Disease biomarkers have been used in several clinical areas, including oncology, metabolic disorders, neurological disease and immune systems malfunctioning. In recent years because of the progress of analysis technology (Biomarker system) several new biomarkers continue to be devised and used as diagnostic, predictive, prognostic, and toxic marker. In drug development area, biomarkers are used as surrogate endpoint to substitute for a clinical endpoint and needed for rational drug development