Review Article FORMULATION AND BIOLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ABSORPTION OF DRUGS THROUGH NASAL EPITHELIUM AND CURRENT NASAL FORMULATIONS- AN OVERVIEW

The present overview deals with the formulation and biological factors that affects absorption of drug through nasal epithelium and currently available different types of formulations and the current trends in nasal drug delivery. More recently, nasal drug delivery has generated widespread interest among the scientific community as an alternative route for the administration of drugs and biomolecules that are susceptible to enzymatic or acidic degradation. Various physiochemical characteristic of drug affect nasal absorption of the drug. Nasal route may also be preferred when rapid onset of action is required and when small molecular weight polar drugs, peptides and proteins are not easily administered via other routes than by injection. Formulation properties of drugs, formulation excipients and biological factors affect nasal drug permeation. This paper focus on potential advances and hurdles for delivering bioactive agent through nasal route and formulations like suspensions, powders, emulsions and ointments, microspheres, liposome’s and proliposomes, viscous solution, gel and in-situ gel