3.1 Studies of carcinogenicity See Table 3.1 3.1.1 Mouse Groups of 50 male and 50 female B6C3F1

mice (age, 8–9 weeks) were sham-exposed or received whole-body exposure to GSM (Global System for Mobile communications)-modulated radiofrequency (RF) radiation at 902 MHz, or to DCS (Digital Cellular System)-modulated RF radiation at 1747 MHz, in a Ferris wheel/tube-restrained design for 2 hours per day, 5 days per week, for 24 months. Exposures were performed with a three-phase signal imitating “basic, ” “talk” and “environment ” GSM signals. Cage controls were run in parallel. The average specific absorp-tion rate (SAR) for each signal phase (0, 0.4, 1.3, and 4.0 mW/g), organ-averaged SARs, and corre-sponding standard variations were calculated. No increases in tumour incidence at any site were observed in exposed mice compared with sham-exposed mice. Decreases in the incidence of liver adenoma were seen in males exposed to GSM at 4.0 mW/g and in males exposed to DCS at 4.0 mW/g (Tillmann et al., 2007)