Towards Secure Cryptographic Software Implementation Against Side-Channel Power Analysis Attacks

Abstract—Side-channel attacks have been a real threat against many critical embedded systems that rely on cryptographic algorithms as their security engine. A commonly used algorithmic countermeasure, random masking, incurs large execution delay and resource overhead. The other countermeasure, operation shuffling or permutation, can mitigate side-channel leakage ef-fectively with minimal overhead. In this paper, we target utilizing the independence among operations in cryptographic algorithms and randomizing their execution order. We design a tool to automatically detect such independence between statements at the source code level and devise an algorithm for automatic operation shuffling. We test our algorithm on the new SHA3 standard, Keccak. Results show that the tool has effectively implemented operation-shuffling to reduce the side-channel leakage signifi-cantly, and therefore can guide automatic secure cryptographic software implementations against differential power analysis attacks. Keywords-Side-channel attacks, shuffling, Keccak I