7 Animal Wellbeing: The Concept and Practice of Tsethar in Bhutan

Bhutan is held as the last remaining Vajrayana Buddhist kingdom in the world. There has been increased pressure on the country to lead a morally stainless existence even as the country is facing development issues of its own such as growing population, increased needs and degenerating values. However, it is true to a large extent that there are uniquely Bhutanese values such as compassion, benevolence, nonviolence and an unbound concern for all sentient beings which are manifest in the country’s state policies like that of Gross National Happiness, a development philosophy that stresses on the wholesome wellbeing of all. These positive virtues are most noticeable in the country’s positive moral conceptions that translate into care and love for animals. Buddhist principles that guide the country ensure that animals are kindly treated. There are policies in place, and abidance on the part of the general people who abstain or limit their consumption of meat so that lives of animals are saved. This generic essay tries to bring out the religious and cultural sentiments of the people which ensure that the wellbeing of animals is taken care of. The practice of tsethar or saving and preserving lives is analyzed in terms of the country’s generally positive worldview based on Buddhist principles. It also attempts to give an account of the state of animal welfare in Bhutan and the dietary habits of the people. The paper is meant to spread the message of non-violence and compassion that will ultimately benefit the benefactor, humankind