1 SCIENCE 3.0: THE FUTURE OF SCIENCE IN THE INTERNET

The concept of "Science 2.0 " was introduced several years ago to describe the new generation of online-based tools for researchers allowing easier data sharing, collaboration and publishing. The process of scientific discovery has been gradually changing during the decades of the internet era, gaining new features such as self-publishing, online discussions, experiments with peer-review, open access and online brainstorming. Significant resources invested recently in Science 2.0 mean that it can soon revolutionize the way we do research. This could be very beneficial for science, if done properly. Therefore it is important to analyze the successes and failures of Science 2.0, dissect its problems and find potential solutions. Here we first make a brief overview of the current state of the art of scientific communication online and then provide a systematic line of arguments to modify the concept of Science 2.0, making it less dependent on the fashionable Web 3.0 developments, while more consistent with the spirit and traditions of both the science and internet. Our first correction to the Science 2.0 paradigm concerns the publication model charging publication fees to the authors instead of the readers. We show that the monopoly of such publishing models can increase biases and inequalities in the representation of scientific ideas based on the author’s income. Our second correction concerns post-publication comments and discussions online, which are all essentially non-anonymous in the current Science 2.0 paradigm. We conclude that scientific discussions at web sites of peer-reviewed journals require special anonymization systems