A conventional approach for comparing vertical reference frames Research Article

Aconventional transformationmodel betweendifferent realizations of a vertical reference system is an important tool for geodetic studies related to precise vertical positioning and physical height determination. Its fundamental role is the evaluation of the consistency for co-located vertical reference frames that are obtained from different observation techniques, data sources or optimal estimation strategies in terms of an appropriate set of “vertical datumperturbation ” parameters. Our scope herein is to discuss a number of key issues related to the formulationof sucha transformationmodel and topresent somesimple examples from its practical implementation in the comparison of existing vertical frames over Europe. Keywords: Conventional height transformation • physical heights • vertical datums • vertical reference frames © Versita sp. z o.o. Received 26-09-2012; accepted 30-10-2012 1