BESS Control Strategies for Participating in Grid Frequency Regulation

Abstract: Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are very effective means of supporting system frequency by providing fast response to power imbalances in the grid. However, BESS are costly, and careful system design and operation strategies are needed in order to generate revenue for the system owner. We propose control strategies which will help to maintain BESS’s State of Charge (SoC) in the optimal range and slow down battery aging significantly. A validation of these strategies using data from ENTSO-E (for the German regulation market) in Continental Europe and the PJM interconnection in the USA is presented in the results section. 1