Cell-Centered Finite-Volume-Based Perfectly Matched Layer for Time-Domain

Abstract—The perfectly matched layer (PML) technique is extended for a cell-centered finite-volume time-domain (FVTD) method. A step-by-step procedure for the performance character-ization of the FVTD PML is presented for both structured and unstructured finite-volume meshes. The FVTD PML is compared with the standard first-order Silver–Müller absorbing boundary condition (SM ABC) for practical applications. It is found that the FVTD PML for an unstructured grid achieves a reflection coefficient lower than 40 dB for incident angles up to 45 and outperforms the SM ABC by 15–20 dB. Index Terms—Absorbing boundary condition (ABC), computational electromagnetics (CEM), finite volume time domain (FVTD), Maxwell’s equations, perfectly matched layer (PML). I