Numerical investigation of temperature effects on properties of subsonic turbulent jets

The influence of temperature on the flow and acoustic fields of high subsonic jets is investigated by computing one isothermal and three hot circular jets using large-eddy simulation. The jets have an identical velocity yielding a Mach number M = uj/ca = 0.9, and diameter-based Reynolds numbers ReD = ujD/νj between 2.5 × 10 4 and 105, where subscripts j and a denote inflow and ambient conditions. They are characterized by similar nozzle-exit boundary-layer parameters, including 9 % of peak turbulence intensity. The isothermal jet is at a temperature Tj = Ta and at ReD = 10 5. The next two jets are at Tj = 1.5Ta and Tj = 2.25Ta, and have the same diameter as the isothermal jet, leading t