Geographic routing

Multiple-copy routing arac ch of t e c over time. This paper proposes a VDTN routing protocol, called GeoSpray, which takes routing decisions n incr wide r mited vehicular network to provide support for communication between rescue teams and assist communication between the rescue teams and other emergency services [9]. To make such applications possible, it is necessary to design networking protocols that can overcome relevant problems that arise from vehicular environments. The high mobility and speed of vehicles is responsible for a highly dynamic network topology paradigm of delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) [18]. This paradigm does not assume that an end-to-end network path is currently available, but rather that such path exists over time. SCF maxi-mizes the probability of data delivery, particularly in sparsely pop-ulated environments, allowing delay-tolerant data traffic from a variety of vehicular applications to be routed over time [5,19]. Vehicular delay-tolerant networking (VDTN) [20] is an example of a new architecture that employs a store-carry-and-forward operation principle. Distinctive characteristics of this network architecture are the use of out-of-band signaling, with separation between control and data planes, and the use of an IP over VDT