Abstract The strategy of relying extensively on stored resources for reproduction has been termed capital breeding and is in contrast to income breeding, where needs of repro-duction are satisWed by exogenous (dietary) resources. Most species likely fall somewhere between these two extremes, and the position of an organism along this gradi-ent can inXuence several key life-history traits. Common eiders (Somateria mollissima) are the only Xying birds that are still typically considered pure capital breeders, suggest-ing that they depend exclusively on endogenous reserves to form their eggs and incubate. We investigated the annual and seasonal variation in contributions of endogenous and exogenous resources to egg formation in eiders breeding...
During egg-formation, energy and protein are deposited in the developing eggs but are, at the same t...
Birds prepare their eggs from recently ingested nutrients ('income' breeders) or from body stores ('...
Birds prepare their eggs from recently ingested nutrients ('income' breeders) or from body stores ('...
Energy demands can be particularly high in arctic-nesting birds that face harsh, unpredictable condi...
The extent to which migratory birds that breed in the Arctic and winter in southern biomes rely on r...
Resources for egg production may come from body reserves stored before breeding (“capital breeders”)...
Breeding in the high Arctic is time constrained and animals should therefore start with their annual...
During egg-formation, energy and protein are deposited in the developing eggs but are, at the same t...
During egg-formation, energy and protein are deposited in the developing eggs but are, at the same t...
Breeding in the high Arctic is time constrained and animals should therefore start with their annual...
Breeding in the high Arctic is time constrained and animals should therefore start with their annual...
During egg-formation, energy and protein are deposited in the developing eggs but are, at the same t...
Breeding in the high Arctic is time constrained and animals should therefore start with their annual...
The extent to which migratory birds that breed in the Arctic and winter in southern biomes rely on r...
The extent to which migratory birds that breed in the Arctic and winter in southern biomes rely on r...
During egg-formation, energy and protein are deposited in the developing eggs but are, at the same t...
Birds prepare their eggs from recently ingested nutrients ('income' breeders) or from body stores ('...
Birds prepare their eggs from recently ingested nutrients ('income' breeders) or from body stores ('...
Energy demands can be particularly high in arctic-nesting birds that face harsh, unpredictable condi...
The extent to which migratory birds that breed in the Arctic and winter in southern biomes rely on r...
Resources for egg production may come from body reserves stored before breeding (“capital breeders”)...
Breeding in the high Arctic is time constrained and animals should therefore start with their annual...
During egg-formation, energy and protein are deposited in the developing eggs but are, at the same t...
During egg-formation, energy and protein are deposited in the developing eggs but are, at the same t...
Breeding in the high Arctic is time constrained and animals should therefore start with their annual...
Breeding in the high Arctic is time constrained and animals should therefore start with their annual...
During egg-formation, energy and protein are deposited in the developing eggs but are, at the same t...
Breeding in the high Arctic is time constrained and animals should therefore start with their annual...
The extent to which migratory birds that breed in the Arctic and winter in southern biomes rely on r...
The extent to which migratory birds that breed in the Arctic and winter in southern biomes rely on r...
During egg-formation, energy and protein are deposited in the developing eggs but are, at the same t...
Birds prepare their eggs from recently ingested nutrients ('income' breeders) or from body stores ('...
Birds prepare their eggs from recently ingested nutrients ('income' breeders) or from body stores ('...