3D Cadastral Data Modelling By

iii The need for more ‗space ‘ resulting from population growth, urbanisation and industrialisation has increased the pressure on land-use planning and development. As a result, space above and below ground level is increasingly used. Examples include underground developments, infrastructure facilities, high-rise buildings, and apartments. To extend the use and functionality of the land, complex infrastructures are being built, both vertically and horizontally, layered and stacked. These three-dimensional (3D) developments affect the interests attached to the underlying land. 3D cadastres will assist in managing the effects of 3D development and increase the functionality of a multipurpose cadastre. 3D cadastres are digital representations of real property ownership rights, restrictions, and responsibilities (legal objects) and their corresponding physical objects such as buildings, utilities, on, above or under the ground surface. They are equipped with 3D data storage, 3D visualisation, and 3D spatial analysis functions. They facilitate management of property rights; registration o