Declarative Serializable Snapshot Isolation

Abstract. Snapshot isolation (SI) is a popular concurrency control pro-tocol, but it permits non-serializable schedules that violate database in-tegrity. The Serializable Snapshot Isolation (SSI) protocol ensures (view) serializability by preventing pivot structures in SI schedules. In this pa-per, we leverage the SSI approach and develop the Declarative Serializ-able Snapshot Isolation (DSSI) protocol, an SI protocol that guarantees serializable schedules. Our approach requires no analysis of application programs or changes to the underlying DBMS. We present an implemen-tation and prove that it ensures serializability.