A model-based active testing approach to sequential diagnosis

Model-based diagnostic reasoning often leads to a large number of diagnostic hypothe-ses. The set of diagnoses can be reduced by taking into account extra observations (passive monitoring), measuring additional variables (probing) or executing additional tests (se-quential diagnosis/test sequencing). In this paper we combine the above approaches with techniques from Automated Test Pattern Generation (ATPG) and Model-Based Diagnosis (MBD) into a framework called Fractal (FRamework for ACtive Testing ALgorithms). Apart from the inputs and outputs that connect a system to its environment, in active testing we consider additional input variables to which a sequence of test vectors can be supplied. We address the computationally hard problem of computing optimal control as-signments (as defined in Fractal) in terms of a greedy approximation algorithm called FractalG. We compare the decrease in the number of remaining minimal cardinality diagnoses of FractalG to that of two more Fractal algorithms: FractalATPG and FractalP. FractalATPG is based on ATPG and sequential diagnosis while FractalP is based on probing and, although not an active testing algorithm, provides a baseline for com-paring the lower bound on the number of reachable diagnoses for the Fractal algorithms. We empirically evaluate the trade-offs of the three Fractal algorithms by performing extensive experimentation on the ISCAS85/74XXX benchmark of combinational circuits. 1